Topic
Preparation
11 passages cited, from 1 classic reference work.
These works date from 1915 and are in the public domain. They reflect the Protestant scholarship of their time: their history, archaeology and dates can be out of date, and where they interpret, other traditions read the text differently. The verses are shown in the King James Version, the wording these works were written against.
The verses
The passages the works cite, those cited by more of them first.
- 1 Chronicles 22:5ISBE
And David said, Solomon my son is young and tender, and the house that is to be builded for the LORD must be exceeding magnifical, of fame and of glory throughout all countries: I will therefore now make preparation for it. So David prepared abundantly…
- Nahum 2:3ISBE
The shield of his mighty men is made red, the valiant men are in scarlet: the chariots shall be with flaming torches in the day of his preparation, and the fir trees shall be terribly shaken.
- Matthew 27:62ISBE
¶ Now the next day, that followed the day of the preparation, the chief priests and Pharisees came together unto Pilate,
- Mark 15:42ISBE
¶ And now when the even was come, because it was the preparation, that is, the day before the sabbath,
- Luke 22:15ISBE
And he said unto them, With desire I have desired to eat this passover with you before I suffer:
- Luke 22:16ISBE
For I say unto you, I will not any more eat thereof, until it be fulfilled in the kingdom of God.
- Luke 23:54ISBE
And that day was the preparation, and the sabbath drew on.
- John 19:14ISBE
And it was the preparation of the passover, and about the sixth hour: and he saith unto the Jews, Behold your King!
- John 19:31ISBE
The Jews therefore, because it was the preparation, that the bodies should not remain upon the cross on the sabbath day, (for that sabbath day was an high day,) besought Pilate that their legs might be broken, and that they might be taken away.
- John 19:42ISBE
There laid they Jesus therefore because of the Jews’ preparation day; for the sepulchre was nigh at hand.
- Ephesians 6:15ISBE
And your feet shod with the preparation of the gospel of peace;
In the reference works
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia (1915) · 16 references
prep-a-ra'-shun: The concordances indicate that the word "preparation" occurs only twice in the Old Testament, once in 1Ch 22:5, where it is used in the ordinary sense "to make preparation," and once in Na 2:3, "in the day of his preparation," both of them translating the same Hebrew root and requiring no special elucidation. In Eph 6:15 the apostle speaks of the equipment of the Christian as including the "feet shod with the preparation of the gospel of peace," which means, according to Thayer, "with the promptitude and alacrity which the gospel produces."
The word occurs with technical significance ("the Preparation") in the gospel narratives of the crucifixion, translating the Greek paraskeue (Mt 27:62; Mr 15:42; Lu 23:54; Joh 19:14,31,42). It is used as a technical term indicating the day of the preparation for the Sabbath, that is, the evening of Friday. This is its use in Josephus, Ant, XVI, vi, 2, and presumably in the Synoptics. Later its use seems to have been extended to denote regularly the 6th day (Friday) of each week. So in the Didache, viii and the Martyrdom of Polycarp, vii.
The addition of the phrase tou pascha, "of the passover," in Joh 19:14, and of the phrase "for the day of that sabbath was a high day," in 19:31, seems to indicate that the author of the Fourth Gospel regarded the Passover as occurring on the Sabbath in the year of the crucifixion. This is clearly the natural interpretation of the words of John's Gospel, and if it were not for the seeming contradiction to the narrative of the Synoptics it is very doubtful whether any other interpretation would ever have been put upon them. This question is discussed in the articles on the date of the crucifixion and the Lord's Supper, and it will be necessary only to allude to it here.
It is possible that the phrase the "Preparation of the passover" in Joh 19:14 may mean it was the preparation day (Friday) of the Passover week (see Andrews, Life of our Lord, 451 ff; and most recently Zahn, Das Evangelium des Johannes, 1908, 637 ff). This method of harmonizing seems to the present writer to be forced, and it therefore seems wiser to give to the words of Joh 19:14 their natural interpretation, and to maintain that, according to the author of the Fourth Gospel, the Passover had not been celebrated at the time of the crucifixion. There seems to be reason to believe that the ordinary view that the Lord's Supper was instituted in connection with the Passover, based upon the narrative in Mark (14:12 ff), does not have the unanimous support of the Synoptic Gospels.
LITERATURE.
In addition to references in the body of the article, the commentaries, especially Plummer, Cambridge Bible, "St. John," Appendix A; Allen, ICC, "St. Matthew," 270-74; Godet, Commentary on the New Testament; Gospel of John, English translation, New York, 1886, II, 378, 379; and the significant articles on the interpretation of Lu 22:15,16 by Burkitt and Brooke, Journal of Theological Studies, IX, 569 ff, and by Box, ib, X, 106.
Walter R. Betteridge
Texts: International Standard Bible Encyclopedia (1915), from the CrossWire SWORD modules (public domain). Verse references were parsed from the works' own markup and checked against the KJV verse list.