1 Enoch 51

LI. The Resurrection of the Dead, and the Separation by the Judge of the Righteous and the Wicked.

1And in those days shall the earth also give back that which has been entrusted to it, And Sheol also shall give back that which it has received, And hell shall give back that which it owes.*There are three Jewish doctrines of the resurrection, (1) All Israelites are to rise. Dan. xii. 2; 1 En. i-xxxvi (except xxii. 13), xxxvii-lxx, lxxxiii-xc; Ps. lxv (title) in LXX; 2 Macc. vii. 9, etc.; 2 Bar. l-li. 6. (2) All righteous Israelites, Isa. xxv. 8, xxvi. 19; Ps. xvi. 10, 11, xvii. 15, xlix. 15, lxxiii. 24-7; Job xiv. 13-15, xix. 26-7; 1 En. xci-civ; Pss. Sol. iii. 16, xiii. 9, xiv. 7, xv. 15; 2 Bar. xxx; Joseph. Ant. xviii. 1. 3; Bell. Jud. ii. 8. 14. This is the received Talmudic view. (3) All mankind are to rise, 4 Ezra vii. 32, 37; Test. 12 Patr. Benj. x. 6-8. Some Jews believed the soul was immortal, but the body would not rise. Wisdom of Sol. iii. 1, etc., iv. 7, v. 16, viii. 20 (compared with ix. 15, xv. 8); Jubilees xxiii. 30.*So g save that it substitutes a gloss ' those who are treasured up in it '. Cf. 4 Ezra vii. 32. tu are defective: ' Sheol shall give back that which has been entrusted to it, that which it has received.' β conflates g and tu. The earth gives up the body just as Sheol and Abaddon give up the soul. They are both reunited at the Resurrection that they may be judged together, according to Sanh. 91ᵃ.*hell=destruction or Abaddon, Job xxvi. 6; Rev. ix. 10. Here the body rises, cf. lxii. 15, i-xxxvi, lxxxiii-xc. Also 2 Macc. vii. 9 seqq.; 2 Bar. xxx, l-li. 6; 4 Ezra vii. 32, 37. In xci-civ the soul and spirit rise. Cf. Pss. Sol. iii. 16, etc. 2And he shall choose the righteous and holy from among them: For the day has drawn nigh that they should be saved. 3And the Elect One shall in those days sit on My throne, And his mouth shall pour forth all the secrets of wisdom and counsel: For the Lord of Spirits hath given (them) to him and hath glorified him. 4And in those days shall the mountains leap like rams, And the hills also shall skip like lambs satisfied with milk, And the faces of [all] the angels in heaven shall be lighted up with joy.*Cf. Ps. cxiv. 4, 6; and for the whole verse cf. Test. 12 Patr. Levi xviii. 5.*Cf. Luke xv. 10. We can translate either 'the angels .. as to their faces' or 'the angels—their faces'. 5For in those days the Elect One shall arise, And the earth shall rejoice, And the righteous shall dwell upon it, And the elect shall walk thereon.